Mohammad T Islam (BSc, MBA, MEd)

Litigation is the formal process of resolving disputes through the court system. When negotiation fails, relations break down, or legal rights need authoritative protection, litigation becomes the route by which …

When a serious dispute arises, the first question is often not who is right, but how the disagreement should be resolved. In modern legal systems, three of the most important …

Arbitration is one of the most important forms of alternative dispute resolution (ADR) in the modern legal world. In simple terms, it is a private process in which the parties …

Mediation is one of the best-known forms of alternative dispute resolution (ADR). Put simply, it is a process in which an independent third party, the mediator, helps people in dispute …

The criminal court is one of the most visible parts of the justice system. It is the place where people accused of committing offences are formally tried, where evidence is …

Most people have heard of a criminal court, where the state prosecutes someone accused of breaking the law. A civil court, by contrast, deals with disputes between individuals, businesses, organisations, …

The Family Court is a specialised branch of the legal system concerned with disputes and decisions arising from family relationships. Its work commonly includes divorce, child arrangements, adoption, domestic abuse …

Few individuals have shaped modern British history as profoundly as Queen Elizabeth II (1926–2022). Reigning for more than seventy years, she became the longest-serving monarch in British history and one …

The Commonwealth of Nations, commonly referred to simply as the Commonwealth, is a voluntary association of 56 independent states that cooperate on the basis of shared values, historical connections, and …

Members of the British Royal Family often live under intense public scrutiny. Their actions and personal relationships can influence not only their own reputation but also the public image of …